Regulating the structure of bacterial cellulose by altering the expression of bcsD using CRISPR/dCas9 / 生物工程学报

Gluconacetobacter xylinus is a primary strain producing bacterial cellulose (BC). In G. xylinus, BcsD is a subunit of cellulose synthase and is participated in the assembly process of BC. A series of G. xylinus with different expression levels of the bcsD gene were obtained by using the CRISPR/dCas9 technique. Analysis of the structural characteristics of BC showed that the crystallinity and porosity of BC changed with the expression of bcsD. The porosity varied from 59.95%-84.05%, and the crystallinity varied from 74.26%-93.75%, while the yield of BC did not decrease significantly upon changing the expression levels of bcsD. The results showed that the porosity of bacterial cellulose significantly increased, while the crystallinity was positively correlated with the expression of bcsD, when the expression level of bcsD was below 55.34%. By altering the expression level of the bcsD gene, obtaining BC with different structures but stable yield through a one-step fermentation of G. xylinus was achieved.

Efficacy and Safety of Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation for Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Prospective Study

Objective@#To assess the efficacy and safety of ultrasound (US)-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). @*Materials and Methods@#This prospective study enrolled 39 participants (14 male, 25 female; mean age, 59.5 ± 15.3 [range, 18–87] years) between September 1, 2018, and January 31, 2021. All participants had parathyroid lesions causing PHPT, proven biochemically and through imaging. The imaging features of the PHPT nodules, including the shape, margin, size, composition, and location, were evaluated before treatment. Serum intact parathyroid hormone, calcium, and phosphorus levels; parathyroid nodule volume; and PHPT-related symptoms were recorded before and after treatment. We calculated the technical success, biochemical cure, and clinical cure rates for these patients. Complications were evaluated during and after the ablation. @*Results@#Complete ablation was achieved in 38 of the 39 nodules in the 39 enrolled participants. All the patients were treated in one session. The technical success rate was 97.4% (38/39). The mean follow-up duration was 13.2 ± 4.6 (range, 6.0–24.9) months. At 6 and 12 months post-RFA, the biochemical cure rates were 82.1% (32/39) and 84.4% (27/32), respectively, and the clinical cure rates were 100% (39/39) and 96.9% (31/32), respectively. Only 2.6% (1/39) of the patients had recurrent PHPT. At 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after technically successful RFA, 44.7% (17/38), 34.3% (12/35), 15.8% (6/38), and 12.5% (4/32) of participants, respectively, had elevated eucalcemic parathyroid hormone levels. Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis occurred in 5.1% (2/39) of the patients, who recovered spontaneously within 1–3 months. @*Conclusion@#US-guided RFA was effective and safe for PHPT patients. RFA may be an alternative treatment tool for patients who cannot tolerate or refuse to undergo surgery.

Effect of the regulator of G-protein signaling 2 on the proliferation and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells and its molecular mechanism / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#This study aims to investigate the effect of the regulator of G-protein signaling 2 (RGS2) on the proliferation and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and its potential molecular mechanism. Metho⁃ds The expression status and clinical significance of RGS2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and matched adjacent normal tissues were evaluated using TCGA database. Three OSCC cell lines (i.e., SCC-9, Cal27, and Fadu) were overexpressed with RGS2, and the effect of RGS2 on cell proliferation and invasion was determined using the Transwell, clone formation, and cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assays. Moreover, the yeast two-hybrid scree-ning and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays were conducted to detect the correlation of RGS2, four and a half LIM domains protein 1 (FHL1), and damage DNA-binding protein 1 (DDB1).@*RESULTS@#The expression level of RGS2 in OSCC was significantly lower than that in matched adjacent normal tissues (@*CONCLUSIONS@#RGS2 plays an important role in the inhibition of OSCC proliferation and invasion. The structure stability of RGS2 is competitively regulated by FHL1 and DDB1.

Expert consensus on the prevention and treatment of drowning in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

Drowning is a leading cause of accidental injury in children and has a great impact on family and society. The prevention and treatment of drowning is of great importance for reducing mortality rate. This consensus reviews the literature on the epidemiology, rescue, resuscitation, and acute clinical management and prevention of drowning. The panel determines the score of available evidence according to the criteria of Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine and then makes recommendations on evidence based on such criteria, so as to provide a basis for further reducing the mortality and disability rates caused by drowning.

Prevalence of Spirometra mansoni infections in hosts in Jiangsu Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Spirometra mansoni infections in hosts in Jiangsu Province, so as to provide the scientific basis for the management of sparganosis mansoni. Methods From 2018 to 2019, nine counties (cities, districts) were randomly selected from Jiangsu Province as the survey sites, and 100 healthy individuals were randomly selected to perform the serological test of S. mansoni infections and the detection of S. mansoni eggs. The procercoids were detected in the intermediate host Cyclops, and the S. mansoni eggs were identified in the stool samples of the definitive hosts cats and dogs. Results The prevalence of S. mansoni human infections was 0 (0/900) in the 9 survey sites of Jiangsu Province, and the sero-prevalence of the specific IgG antibody against S. mansoni was 1.22% (11/900). The positive rate of procercoids was 0.33% (3/900) in Cyclops. In addition, the S. mansoni egg-positive rate was 1.48% (2/135) in cats and dogs. Conclusions Sparganosis mansoni is prevalent in Jiangsu Province. Health education pertaining to the damages of sparganosis mansoni and the route of S. mansoni infections should be improved.

Evaluation of therapeutic effects of the ultramicro needle knife combined with cervical spine fine adjusting on youth cervical curvature abnormality case / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To study the therapeutic effects of the ultramicro needle-knife combine with cervical spine fine adjusting on youth cervical curvature abnormality case.@*METHODS@#From November 2016 to October 2018, 88 young patients with abnormal curvature of cervical spine were treated. Due to loss of follow up, 86 cases were actually completely including 37 males and 49 females, ranging in age from 20 to 40 years old, with an average of (30.55±5.21) years old, and the course of disease ranged from 1 to 42 months, with a mean of (14.21±7.38) months. All the patients were divided into two groups:treatment group (44 cases) and control group (42 cases). The patients in the treatment group were treated with ultramicro needle-knife and cervical spine fine adjusting, and the patients in the control group were treated with conventional acupuncture and manipulation. The treatments were done 1 time per week in the treatment group while 3 times per week in control group every week, with a duration of 3 weeks for both groups. Before treatment, 3 weeks after treatment, and at the end of 1 month follow-up, the score of neck pain questionnaire(NPQ), range of the motion(ROM) in the cervical region and the D values of cervical physiological curvature were recorded. The efficacy at the end of treatment and in the follow up was evaluated. During the treatment, the patients were also required to correct the bad posture in daily life, to sleep in a low pillow position, and put a moderately columnar pillow behind the neck for 0.5 hours every morning and evening.@*RESULTS@#Two patients in the control group were dropped out after 3 weeks treatment. No adverse reactions were found in the 2 groups during the treatment period. Compared with those before treatment, all scores at all the observation time points were significantly improved between two groups after treatment(all 0.05). There was statistical difference in ROM scores between different time points, there was time effect (=240.32), =0.000). There was no interaction between time factor and group factor (=0.311, =0.734). The effective rate of the treatment group and control group were 90.91%(40 / 44) and 80.95%(34 / 42) respectively, the treatment group was more effective than the control group (0.05) in the follow-up duration.@*CONCLUSION@#The method of needle knife combined with cervical spine fine adjusting has a better therapeutic efficiency than conventional acupuncturecombined with manipulation in treating youth cervical curvature abnormality patients. Because this novel method can recover the cervical curvature, relieve the neck pain, and improve cervical mobility.

Natural products as potent inhibitors of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in cancer therapy / 中国天然药物

Hypoxia is a prominent feature of tumors. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a major subunit of HIF-1, is overexpressed in hypoxic tumor tissues and activates the transcription of many oncogenes. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that HIF-1α promotes tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, metabolism, and immune evasion. Natural products are an important source of antitumor drugs and numerous studies have highlighted the crucial role of these agents in modulating HIF-1α. The present review describes the role of HIF-1α in tumor progression, summarizes natural products used as HIF-1α inhibitors, and discusses the potential of developing natural products as HIF-1α inhibitors for the treatment of cancer.

Clinical Observation on Shiwei Wendantang in Treating Post-ischemic Stroke Depression of Heart and Gallbladder Qi Deficiency Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Shiwei Wendantang on post-ischemic stroke depression of heart and gallbladder Qi deficiency syndrome. Method:The 80 patients with post-ischemic stroke depression of heart and gallbladder Qi deficiency syndrome were divided into two groups by random number table. 40 cases in control group received oral administration of antidepressant Paroxetine, 20 mg·d-1, and 40 cases in observation group received Shiwei Wendantang, 1 dose/day. The treatment course was 4 weeks in both groups. The clinical efficacy, hamilton depression scale (HAMD-17) score, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), homocysteine (Hcy) level, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome score and quality of life score of two groups were observed and compared. Result:After treatment, the curative effect of observation group was better than that of the control group (Z=-2.104，P<0.05), and the total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than that of control group（χ2 =5.00，P<0.05）. After treatment, the scores of each factor of HAMD-17 scale in observation group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the scores of factors of HAMD-17 scale in the control group were also significantly decreased (P<0.05) except despair and anxiety. The decrease of scores in the observation group was more obvious than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the values of serum CRP and Hcy in two groups were decreased significantly (P<0.01）,and the values of serum CRP and Hcy in observation group were also decreased significantly (P<0.01）.After treatment, the scores of TCM syndromes in observation group were decreased significantly (P<0.01）， while in control group, only the score of urination was significantly decreased（P<0.05）. The scores of quality of life in observation group were all significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.01）. The scores of SF-36 Health Survey Form in the control group were significantly decreased except for energy and social function (P<0.05). The scores of physical function, physical intelligence, physical pain, social function, and mental health in observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion:As compared with the conventional western medicine treatment, the application of Shiwei Wendantang in the treatment of post-ischemic stroke depression of heart and gallbladder Qi deficiency syndrome, can further reduce the degree of depression of patients, improve the symptoms of depression, and improve the quality of life, with more significant clinical efficacy and comprehensive effect.

The Glutamatergic Postrhinal Cortex-Ventrolateral Orbitofrontal Cortex Pathway Regulates Spatial Memory Retrieval / 神经科学通报·英文版

A deficit in spatial memory has been taken as an early predictor of Alzheimer's disease (AD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The uncinate fasciculus (UF) is a long-range white-matter tract that connects the anterior temporal lobe with the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in primates. Previous studies have shown that the UF impairment associated with spatial memory deficits may be an important pathological change in aging and AD, but its exact role in spatial memory is not well understood. The pathway arising from the postrhinal cortex (POR) and projecting to the ventrolateral orbitofrontal cortex (vlOFC) performs most of the functions of the UF in rodents. Although the literature suggests an association between spatial memory and the regions connected by the POR-vlOFC pathway, the function of the pathway in spatial memory is relatively unknown. To further illuminate the function of the UF in spatial memory, we dissected the POR-vlOFC pathway in mice. We determined that the POR-vlOFC pathway is a glutamatergic structure, and that glutamatergic neurons in the POR regulate spatial memory retrieval. We also demonstrated that the POR-vlOFC pathway specifically transmits spatial information to participate in memory retrieval. These findings provide a deeper understanding of UF function and dysfunction related to disorders of memory, as in MCI and AD.

Globally Ecological Suitability Analysis of Phellodendron chinense and Phellodendron amurense / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: Phellodendri Cortex, one of the "three wood medicine materials", is a Chinese traditional medicinal material and also a national second-class protected plant in China. Its is considered as excellent trees for the Natural Forest Conservation Program and the Grain-to-Green Program because of its high economic value and ecological value. The Phellodendron Cortex is divided into Phellodendron chinense and P. amurense according to species and origins. The global potential suitable areas predicted by Global Geographic Information System for Medicinal Plant (GMPGIS) can provide data for us to decide which specie can be selected in different areas. Method: Sample ecological information was collected from global genuine areas, main producing areas and wild distribution areas, and a total of 364 sampling sites of P. chinense and 247 sampling sites of P. amurense were used by GMPGIS to analyze the suitable growth areas in the world. Result: A clear geographical line existed between P. chinense and P. amurense. P. chinense was mainly distributed in tropical monsoon climate and had the most suitable areas in Asia, Europe, North America, South America and Oceania, including 65 countries and regions such as China, the United States, France, Brazil, Japan, Italy and New Zealand. P. amurense was mainly distributed in temperate monsoon climate and had the most suitable areas in Asia, Europe, and North America, including 30 countries and regions such as the United States, China, Russia and Canada.. Conclusion: The results of GMPGIS can provide scientific data for selecting correct species and cultivation areas for Phellodendris Cortex in future.

Distribution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in 826 healthy children aged 0-6 years / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the distribution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in healthy children aged 0-6 years.@*METHODS@#A total of 826 healthy Han children aged 0-6 years were recruited. According to their age, the children were divided into four groups: newborn, infant, toddler and preschool. Their peripheral blood samples were collected to measure the percentages of lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry.@*RESULTS@#There were significant differences in the percentages of CD3 T cells, CD3CD4 T cells and CD3CD19 B cells and the CD4/CD8 ratio between boys and girls (P<0.05). The girls had a lower percentage of CD3CD19 B cells, higher percentages of CD3 T cells and CD3CD4 T cells and a higher CD4/CD8 ratio than the boys. The newborn group had the highest percentages of CD3 T cells and CD3CD4 T cells and the highest CD4/CD8 ratio (P<0.05). The percentage of CD3CD4 T cells and the CD4/CD8 ratio gradually decreased with age and the preschool group had the lowest values (P<0.05). The newborn group had the lowest percentages of CD3CD19 B cells and CD3CD16CD56 NK cells (P<0.05). The percentage of CD3CD16CD56 NK cells gradually increased with age and the preschool group had the highest percentage (P<0.05). The percentage of CD3CD19 B cells reached the peak in the toddler period and then decreased with age (P<0.05). The preschool group had the highest percentage of CD3CD8 T cells (P<0.05). The variation trend of distribution of lymphocyte subsets in boys from different age groups was consistent with that in children from different age groups. For girls, the newborn group had the highest percentage of CD3CD4 T cells and CD4/CD8 ratio (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The distribution of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in healthy children is significantly different across ages and sexes. Therefore, the reference values should be established according to age and sex.

Protective effects of oridonin on adriamycin-induced myocardial apoptosis through inhibiting autophagy / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of oridonin on adrimycin-induced myocardial apoptosis. Methods Cells were divided into H9C2,adriamycin,oridonin(5 μM),oridonin(10 μM) and oridonin(20 μM) group.Cells were treated with adriamy-cin except H9C2 group and cells in oridonin(5,10,20 μM)group were treated with oridonin at the same time.The concentrations of superox-ide dismutase(SOD) and malondialdehyde(MDA) were detected and the cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 assay.Cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry.The expressions of autophagy-related proteins(Beclin1,P62 and LC3) were measured by western blot.And the expression of LC3 also detected by immunofluoresence.Results Compared with H9C2 group,the concentration of SOD decreased and MDA increased in adriamycin group;compared with adriamycin group,SOD increased but MDA decreased in oridonin(5,10,20 μM)group signifi-cantly.Meanwhile,cell proliferation was inhibited and apoptosis was induced in adriamycin group compared with H9C2 group;but cell prolif-eration rate was increased and apoptosis rate was decreased in oridonin(5,10,20 μM)group compared with adriamycin group.In addition,ad-riamycin up-regulated the protein level of Beclin1 and ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ,and inhibited the expression of P62;oridonin(5,10,20 μM) attenuated the effects of adriamycin on Beclin1,ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰand P62 notably.Conclusion Oridonin alleviated adriamycin-indued myocardial apoptosis by inhibiting autophagy.

Utility and Safety of Tolvaptan in Cirrhotic Patients with Hyponatremia: a Prospective Cohort Study

Abstract: Introduction and aim. Hyponatremia is common in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and is associated with increased mortality. Tolvaptan, a vasopressor V2 receptor antagonist, can increase free wáter excretion, but its efficacy and safety in cirrhotic patients remain unclear. Material and methods. We studied the usage and safety of tolvaptan in cirrhotic patients in a real-life, non-randomized, multicenter prospective cohort study. Forty-nine cirrhotic patients with hyponatremia were treated with tolvaptan 15 mg daily, and 48 patients not treated with tolvaptan in the same period served as controls. Improvement in serum sodium level was defined as an increase in serum sodium from < 125 to ≥ 125 mmol/L or from 125-134 to ≥ 135 mmol/L on day 7. Results. Twenty-three (47%) patients in the tolvaptan group and 17 (35%) in the control group had normal serum sodium on day 7 (p = 0.25). Serum sodium improved in 30 (61%) patients in the tolvaptan group and 17 (35%) patients in the control group (p = 0.011). Adverse events occurred in 46-47% of patients in both groups, and tolvaptan was not associated with worsened liver function. No patient with normal serum sodium on day 7 died within 30 days of treatment, whereas 16% of those with persistent hyponatremia died (p = 0.0019). Conclusion. In conclusion, short-term tolvaptan treatment is safe and can improve serum sodium level in cirrhotic patients with hyponatremia. Normalization of serum sodium level is associated with better survival.

Effects of adipose-derived stem cells and non-methylated CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides on peripheral blood CD4CD25regulatory T cells in young mice with food allergy / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) and non-methylated CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) on the expression of peripheral blood CD4CD25regulatory T (Treg) cells in young mice with food allergy, as well as their immune intervention effects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 40 female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group, allergic group, ADSC treatment group, and CpG-ODN treatment group, with 10 mice in each group. A mouse model of food allergy was established by intraperitoneal injection and intragastric administration of ovalbumin (OVA) for sensitization and challenge. The mice in the control group were treated with normal saline at the same dose; the mice in the ADSC treatment group were given intraperitoneal injection of ADSC (1×10cells for each mouse) before and after OVA challenge, and those in the CpG-ODN treatment group were given intraperitoneal injection of non-methylated CpG-ODN solution (40 μg for each mouse) at 1 hour before challenge by gavage. The allergic symptom scores were determined for each group after model establishment. ELISA was used to measure the serum level of OVA-IgE. Flow cytometry was used to measure the percentage of peripheral blood CD4CD25Treg cells. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for the pathological analysis of the jejunum.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The allergic group had significantly higher allergic symptom scores and serum level of OVA-IgE than the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the allergic symptom score and the serum level of OVA-IgE between the ADSC treatment group and the CpG-ODN treatment group (P>0.05), but these two groups had significantly lower allergic symptom scores and serum level of OVA-IgE than the allergic group and significantly higher allergic symptom scores and serum level of OVA-IgE than the control group (P<0.01). The allergic group had a significantly lower percentage of peripheral blood CD4CD25Treg cells than the control group (P<0.05). The ADSC treatment group and the CpG-ODN treatment group had a significantly higher percentage of peripheral blood CD4CD25Treg cells than the allergic group (P<0.05); there were no significant differences between these two groups or between them and the control group (P>0.05). Pathological results showed structural damage and edema in the jejunal villi, a large number of eosinophils, and lymphocyte infiltration in the allergic group, while the ADSC treatment group and the CpG-ODN treatment group had less structural damage and edema in the jejunal villi, a lower number of eosinophils, and less lymphocyte infiltration.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ADSC and non-methylated CpG-ODN have a certain effect in the treatment of food allergy and can increase the percentage of peripheral blood CD4CD25Treg cells and reduce the level of OVA-IgE. They may be associated with the induction of immune tolerance and these two treatment have comparable effects. Detailed mechanisms of action still need further investigation.</p>

Clinical Application of Total Extraperitoneal Inguinal Hernia Repair Under Two Laparoscopes / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To study the feasibility and the efficacy of total extraperitoneal repair (TEP) under two laparoscopes.Methods Clinical data of 51 patients with inguinal hernia who underwent TEP under two laparoscopes from July 2015 to March 2016 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively.During TEP,we added a 5-mm laparoscope for monitoring and exploration in the abdominal cavity.Results All the operations of TEP under two laparoscopes were successful.The operation time lasted 42-176 min with a mean of (74 ±27) min.The intraoperative blood loss was 5-30 ml with a mean of (12.8 ±5.9) ml.The length of postoperative hospital stay was 2-7 days with a mean of (4.0 ± 1.1) days.The percentage of postoperative complications was 11.8％ (6/51),including inguinal area seroma which accounted for 2.0％ (1/51),inguinal region pain accounting for 3.9％ (2/51),and postoperative urinary retention for 5.9％ (3/51).No infection was found.The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 11 months (mean,7 months),no recurrence was observed during this period.Conclusions TEP under two laparoscopes can treat inguinal hernia precisely.It is also helpful to find compound inguinal hernia and occult inguinal hernia.

Data security and privacy protection of wireless medical sensor network based on hybrid encryption / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To propose a hybrid encryption algorithm involving in elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) and advanced encryption standard (AES) to solve the problems of wiretapping and tampering of medical data in wireless channel transmission.Methods The sender used AES session key for medical data encryption and ECC public key for AES session key,and applied SHA-1 to obtaining the information summary of medical data and ECC public key to gaining information summary signature.The recipient employed ECC private key to verify the signature and then to decrypt AES session key,and finally decrypt medical data with AES session key.Results The proposed security solution gained advantages over the conventional ECC algorithm and hybrid cryptographic algorithm of RSA and AES in encryption and decryption time,safety strength and energy consumption,so that the confidentiality and integrity of medical data could be ensured during transmission.Conclusion The hybrid encryption scheme can meet the requirement of wireless medical sensor network in low time complexity,and realizes the protection of the patient data and privacy.

Immunoregulatory effect of adipose-derived stem cell transplantation in young mouse model of food allergy / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the immunoregulatory effect of adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) transplantation by intraperitoneal injection in food-allergic young mice before and after ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-two 3-week-old female Balb/c mice were randomly divided into control, allergic model, ADSC treatment, and ADSC prevention groups (n=8 each). A young mouse model of food allergy was established by OVA sensitization via intraperitoneal injection. Each mouse from the prevention and treatment groups was transplanted with 1×10(6) ADSCs on days 1 and 15 post-sensitization, respectively. The allergic symptoms of all groups were observed and scored. The jejunal villi and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Serum levels of allergy-related inflammatory cytokines were measured by Luminex.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the allergic model group, the ADSC prevention and ADSC treatment groups had significantly reduced allergic symptom scores (P<0.05). The two groups also showed significantly alleviated allergic pathological damage of the jejunal mucosa. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-22 and IL-23 were significantly lower in the ADSC prevention and treatment groups than in the allergic model group (P<0.05). However, the ADSC treatment group had a significantly increased serum interferon-γ level and a significantly reduced serum monocyte chemotactic protein-1 level compared with the allergic model and ADSC prevention groups (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ADSC transplantation, performed before or after sensitization, has an immunoregulatory effect on food allergy in young Balb/c mice, but this effect is better if transplantation is performed after sensitization.</p>

Analysis of global ecology of Panax notoginseng in suitability and quality / 药学学报

In this study, the Geographic Information System for Global Medicinal Plants (GMPGIS) was used to assess the global production and ecological adaptation of Panax notoginseng. Based on climate factors and soil types of P.notoginseng from 326 sampling sites, which cover both traditional and current major producing regions, as well as on the results of the ecological similarity computing analysis, we obtained the maximum ecological similarity areas for P.notoginseng worldwide. The results indicated that China was the most suitable ecological and cultivated area globally for P.notoginseng, accounting for more than 70% of the total cultivated area in the world. The United States, Brazil, Portugal, and other 22 countries also had a small amount of potential suitable producing area. China has eight potential suitable producing provinces, including Yunnan, Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, etc. The prediction is consistent with the new district of P.notoginseng reported in recent years, which verifies the accuracy of the prediction of GMPGIS. We conducted a literature analysis on resource regeneration and quality ecology on P.notoginseng, and summarized the cultivation, wild tending models, and effects of environmental factors on the quality of P. notoginseng. The results provide scientific basis for selection of P.notoginseng, as well as the introduction, cultivation, and production of P. notoginseng worldwide.

Study on the Chemical Constituents of Sedum lineare / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the chemical constituents of Sedum lineare. METHODS:Silica gel column chromatogra-phy,TLC and crystallization were adopted to isolate the chemical constituents of S. lineare. And chemical structures were analyzed and identified based on physicochemical properties and spectral data of compounds. RESULTS:A total of 6 sterols and 2 triterpe-noids were isolated from petroleum ether fraction of S. lineare,which were identified as stigmaster-5-ene-3β-ol-7-one(1),stigmas-ter-5-ene-3β,7α-diol(2),daucosterol(3),daucosterol palmitate(4),β-sitosterol(5),stigmaster-7-ene-3β-ol(6),δ-amyrin(7),andδ-amyrone(8)respectively. CONCLUSIONS:Compounds 3,4 and 7 are isolated from S. lineare for the first time,and compound 4 is isolated from genus S.lineare for the first time. The study has laid certain foundation for the quality evaluation of S. lineare.

Application of vacuum assisted venous drainage in heart surgeries for newborns / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the role of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with vacuum assisted venous drainage(VAVD)in the management of newborns with congenital heart diseases.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Total 15 newborns with congenital heart diseases (11 males and 4 females)underwent heart operations. Their age ranged from 2 days to 28 days [mean:(15.67 ± 2.22)days], and their body weight from 2.3 kg to 4.8 kg [mean: (3.75 ± 0.19)kg]. Sternal median incision was made to establish CPB,during which VAVD was applied for all the newborns.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In these 15 newborns,the mean CPB time was from 50 minutes to 343 minutes [mean:(170.3 ± 26.6)minutes], and the mean aortic clamping time ranged from 20 minutes to 172 minutes [mean:(85.8 ± 14.6)minutes]. No macroscopic hematuria, inadequate drainage, or cannulation vena cava difficulty was observed during the procedures. All the newborns were successfully weaned from the machine. No neurological complication due to micro air embolus caused by negative pressure was noted. No vena cava infarction, thrombosis, or other complication was reported after the surgery, although one patient died after the surgery and another patient was discharged upon its family's own decision.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>VAVD is a safe, simple, and cost-effective technique. Appropriate negative pressure can the resistance during thinner venous intubation and thus speed up blood drainage,provide adequate perfusion flow,and reduce the pre-filling volume.</p>